post #159
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/13/opinion/sunday/monarchs-fight-for-their-lives.html
I have always known about the connection between monarch butterflies and milkweed. I have referred to it during my three earlier posts about the plant but I haven't focused on it. However, today, on line in the New York Times, I read this piece which is very succinct, very clear, very distressing. So I begin today's post with the link to it. Actually, this editorial is short enough for me to put it into the blog itself. Right here:
Editorial | Notebook
Monarchs Fight for Their Lives
Published: October 12, 2013
The more you know about monarch butterflies, the more extraordinary they
seem. Their life cycle — the adaptive web of behaviors they have
evolved — is almost unbelievably complex. They migrate en masse (this
month, as a rule) from all across the Midwest and Northeast to just a
few high altitude sites in Mexico, where they winter, sheltering in
profusion beneath a canopy of fir trees, from whose trunks they draw the
residual heat they need to stay alive. Winter past, they migrate
thousands of miles northward, where they lay their eggs on milkweed
plants, the only plant a monarch caterpillar can eat.
The complexity of their life cycle is mirrored by the complexity of the
threats they face. For the past 15 years, scientists have been watching
monarch numbers plummet, as much as 81 percent between 1999 and 2010.
They reached nearly catastrophic lows in the winter of 2009-2010 and
have barely recovered since.
One recent study suggests that the long-term survival of the species may
be in doubt. A few weeks ago, one of the scientists devoted to studying
monarchs, Ernest Williams at Hamilton College, summarized for me the
threats that have been reported in recent studies.
Nearly every link in the monarchs’ chain of being, he said, is at risk.
Illegal logging in Mexico has reduced their winter habitat — an already
vanishingly small area, which is itself being altered by the warming
climate. Ecotourists who come to witness the congregation of so many
butterflies disturb the creatures they have come to see. But perhaps
most damaging is the demise of milkweed.
Monarchs have the misfortune to rely exclusively on a plant that farmers
all across the Midwest and Northeast consider a weed. There is a direct
parallel between the demise of milkweeds — killed by the herbicide
glyphosate, which is sprayed by the millions of gallons on fields where
genetically modified crops are growing — and the steady drop in monarch
numbers.
To anyone who has grown up in the Midwest, the result seems very
strange. After decades of trying to eradicate milkweed, gardeners are
being encouraged to plant it in their gardens, and townships and
counties are being asked to let it thrive in the roadside ditches. What
looks like agricultural success, purging bean and corn fields of
milkweed (among other weeds), turns out to be butterfly disaster. This
is the great puzzle of species conservation — it has to be effective at
nearly every stage of a species’ life cycle. And this, too, is the
dilemma of human behavior. We live in a world of unintended consequences
of our own making, which can never be easily undone.[Italics are mine.]
I have not been following the milkweeds this summer and fall because of the monarchs. It has been purely because of the book George Ella Lyon and I are still working on. It has turned out, however, to be a great big discovery adventure. And what a bonus if my curiousity and art also help create awareness for how each plant, each creature, and each of us is part of a whole world.
My plan today had been to share some of the photos from yesterday's peaceful two hours on nearby Grayson Lake in our Jon boat, with its flat bottom and a fairly quiet trolling motor. Even though it was a Saturday late afternoon and good weather, we were practically by ourselves the whole time. The overcast sky made for better light for most of my photos. My husband ran the ship -- slowing down from our 3 m.p.h. speed at every request. Thanks! Even so, most photos were taken from a moving boat. (I didn't say speeding. Just moving!) The lake is a Corps of Engineers build; it highlights the sandstone cliffs that are everywhere around this region.
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starting out |
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first big rock, a corner cliff, so to speak |
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A later cliffside, looking to me like an enormous creature emerging from the steep bank.... |
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Last time, an anhinga was perched on this high tree, and I looked for it again. |
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Yellow jackets are no longer at home. This is called "giving the vacant look." |
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Are these some kind of natural highrise apartments? |
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probably my favorite photo from yesterday |
There are way too many photos for one post, so I will continue this trip next Sunday. The next wave, so to speak. I leave you with two last photos and two thoughts:
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There is always something around the bend. |
AND
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Weeds are wonderful. | | | | | | | | |
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